A cartographer uses trigonometry to make small replicas of the earth in map form. They create balanced and readable representation to interpret correctly the direction and scale of locations.
To become a cartographer you must have a four-year college degree and a three-year programs in both surveying and surveying technology. While working in this profession you could make anything in between 28,000 to 74,000.
The demand for this area of work is not high because once you have a good map it is easy to replicate.